Gypsum Block Production Line
Production lines for gypsum partition blocks — plaster slurry cast in vertical moulds, hydraulically ejected and dried — making 666 × 500 mm solid or hollow blocks, 80–150 mm thick, to EN 12859 or GOST 6428.
Gypsum Block Production Lines We Supply
Gypsum Block Production Process
Building plaster storage and dosing → mixing with water and additives → casting into vertical group moulds → setting → top levelling and tongue-and-groove forming → hydraulic ejection → clamping and transfer → drying → stacking and packing.
The plaster slurry is cast into a group of vertical mould cavities. As it sets, the top face is levelled and the tongue or groove is formed. Hydraulic ejectors then lift the blocks out of the moulds, and automatic clamps transfer them to drying. For hollow blocks, core rods in the moulds form the cavities. Casting in vertical moulds is the process used on most gypsum block lines built for export today.
Line Configuration and Capacity
| Item | Configuration |
|---|---|
| Forming | Casting in vertical group moulds with hydraulic ejection; PLC control, automatic clamps and stacking |
| Block size | 666 × 500 mm; 80, 100, 120 or 150 mm thick |
| Solid or hollow | Both — a mould change switches the product |
| Capacity | Entry line about 100,000 m² a year; main range 150,000–300,000 m² a year; expansion lines about 500,000 m² a year |
| Drying | Natural drying on racks as standard; a drying kiln or hot-air dryer as an option for cold or humid climates, or for faster turnover |
Three 666 × 500 mm blocks make one square metre of wall, so a 300,000 m² a year line produces about 900,000 blocks a year. Natural drying takes days; a heated dryer takes hours, and the choice depends on your climate, your space and your energy cost. Every line is configured to your output, block range and site.
Casting or Semi-Dry Pressing
We supply casting lines as standard. Semi-dry pressing is available as an option: the gypsum is pressed with far less water — academic work reports water-to-binder ratios of about 0.15–0.25 and pressing at 3–7 MPa (Alfimova et al., Recycling, 2023) — so the blocks need little or no drying, which suits plants using by-product gypsum. Its block formats differ from the 666 × 500 mm standard, and casting remains the established route for EN 12859 and GOST 6428 blocks. Tell us your raw material and market and we will compare the two.
Raw Material: Building Plaster
Gypsum blocks are cast from building plaster — β-hemihydrate made by calcining natural, FGD or phosphogypsum. You can buy plaster in, or produce it on site with a gypsum powder production line feeding the block line; plants that already make plaster can add a block line as a new product.
Water-repellent additives make hydrophobic blocks for wet areas. Send a sample of your plaster or gypsum for testing: setting time, strength and purity decide the mix and the casting cycle.
Gypsum Block Standards: EN 12859 and GOST 6428
| EN 12859 (Europe) | Requirement |
|---|---|
| Scope | Smooth-faced gypsum blocks, mainly for non-load-bearing partitions, independent wall linings and fire protection of columns, lift shafts and service shafts; not for ceilings, and not blocks thinner than 50 mm |
| Preferred sizes | 666 mm long, 500 mm high, 50, 60, 70, 80 or 100 mm thick (EN 12859:2011) |
| Density classes | Low 600 to below 800 kg/m³; medium 800 to below 1,100 kg/m³; high 1,100–1,500 kg/m³ |
| Water absorption | H1 ≤ 2.5% (green), H2 ≤ 5% (blue), H3 no requirement (natural colour) |
| Tolerances | ±0.5 mm thickness, ±5 mm length, ±2 mm height; flatness deviation no more than 1 mm |
| Fire | Blocks with less than 1% organic content are classified Euroclass A1, non-combustible, without testing |
GOST 6428-2018, the CIS standard for tongue-and-groove gypsum partition blocks, has applied since 1 May 2019 and was developed with reference to EN 12859:2011. Its formats include 667 × 500 mm at 80 and 100 mm thick, and it has its own water-absorption classes: H1 for hydrophobic blocks (≤ 5%) and H2 for standard blocks. Tell us which standard your market uses — it sets the moulds, the density and the additives.
Where Gypsum Blocks Are Used
- Non-load-bearing partitions in housing, hotels, offices and hospitals
- Independent wall linings
- Fire protection of columns, lift shafts and service shafts
Blocks are laid with gypsum adhesive and need no stud framing. In tests published by a German block manufacturer, an 80 mm medium-density block wall reached F 120 fire resistance (DIN 4102-4) and Rw 37 dB sound insulation, and a 100 mm high-density wall reached F 180 and up to Rw 50 dB.
Markets for Gypsum Block Plants
- CIS and Central Asia — GOST 6428 was adopted by voting countries including Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Armenia and Belarus. A 380,000 m² a year gypsum block line opened in Taraz, Kazakhstan, in 2022.
- Gulf — 666 × 500 mm gypsum blocks have been made in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, since 1999, and plants at Thumrait, Oman, include gypsum brick capacity alongside board and plaster.
- Gypsum-rich markets with large housing programmes — Uzbekistan mined about 2.5 Mt of gypsum in 2024 (USGS), and Iraq’s geological survey records about 142 Mt of natural gypsum reserves.
Planning a plant in Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Oman, Egypt, Algeria or elsewhere in our regions? Send us your output target and gypsum source. For paper-faced board, see our gypsum board production line.
What to Send for a Quotation
- Target output (m² a year)
- Block sizes and thicknesses; solid, hollow or both
- The standard your market uses: EN 12859, GOST 6428 or a national standard
- Plaster source: bought in, or made on site — with a gypsum or plaster analysis
- Drying: natural drying, or a dryer — and the climate at the site
- Power supply and site dimensions
- Destination country and target timeline
With your output target, destination country and timeline we can start, and you receive a written sourcing report within 48 hours of a complete requirement brief.
Related lines: the plaster for the blocks can come from our gypsum powder production line; for plasterboard see the gypsum board production line, for autoclaved aerated concrete blocks the AAC block production line, and for precast partition wall panels the hollow core cement wall panel line. See all our building materials production lines.
Making your own plaster? See the gypsum powder plant setup guide.
One Partner from Requirement to Running Line
- Requirement review — capacity targets, site conditions and budget
- Equipment selection and supplier matching — vetted Chinese manufacturers
- Plant layout planning — civil works drawings issued early
- Quality inspection and factory acceptance testing before shipment
- Export documentation and freight coordination
- Installation, commissioning and operator training
Frequently Asked Questions
Casting or semi-dry pressing — which should I choose?
For 666 × 500 mm blocks to EN 12859 or GOST 6428, casting in vertical moulds is the established route and our standard line. Semi-dry pressing uses less water and needs little drying; we compare the two against your raw material and market.
Can one line make solid and hollow blocks?
Yes. A mould change switches the line between solid and hollow blocks and between thicknesses.
Do I need a drying kiln?
Not always. Natural drying on racks is standard and needs space and time; a drying kiln or hot-air dryer is an option for cold or humid climates or faster turnover.
Can I add a block line to an existing gypsum powder plant?
Yes. The block line runs on building plaster, so a plaster plant can add blocks as a new product. If you have no plaster, we can supply a gypsum powder line with it.
Can I use FGD gypsum or phosphogypsum?
Yes, once it has been calcined into building plaster of suitable quality. Send an analysis so the calcination and the block mix can be set.
What is the price of a gypsum block line?
We do not publish prices, because they depend on output, automation, drying and destination. Once we have your requirement brief, the written sourcing report compares configurations from different manufacturers.
What do you need to prepare a quotation?
Your target output, block sizes and types, the standard your market uses, your plaster or gypsum source, drying preference, project location and planned timeline.
Request a Gypsum Block Line Proposal
Tell us your target output, block sizes and gypsum source. We respond within one business day.
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